Authentication

Authentication is the process of verifying the credentials presented by a user. Multi-factor authentication is a method of access control in which a user is only granted access after successfully presenting several separate pieces of evidence to an authentication mechanism.

Multi-factor authentication should realistically require all of the following (although many services typically only ask for two of the following:

  • Something ONLY I Know
  • Something ONLY I Am
  • Something ONLY I Have

Two-factor authentication (2FA) is a method of confirming a user’s identity by utilizing a combination of two different components. Two-factor authentication is a subset of multi-factor authentication.

Multiple factors are mostly used when managing access to sites where security is paramount e.g. bank accounts, whereby temporary one time passwords are issued via an App or SMS text, as well as more traditional methods e.g. using a physical card reader to generate a unique code.

More and more applications are now facilitating multi factor authentication with a step up mechanism which only gets triggered in certain instances e.g. if accessing from a new / overseas IP address.

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